Update HUD regulations, policies, and procedures following the regulatory process required by the amended Lead Safe Housing Rule, in consideration of CDC’s lowered BLRV of 3.5 ug/dL.

Status

On June 12, 2024, the Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes informed HUD OIG that the draft Federal Register notice of its request for information from Lead Safe Housing Rule stakeholders and the general public on its proposal to adopt CDC's BLRV of 3.5 µg/dL as its EBLL under the rule has been circulated for OGC and preclearance review, which will be followed by Departmental clearance. OLHCHH plans on publishing the Federal Register notice by June 30, 2024, with a 60-day comment period. OLHCHH will provide the link and the link and the notice once it is published. OLHCHH will then review public comments in preparing to decide whether to change the rule's current level, and if so, to what level.

The Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes estimated this will be completed by June 30, 2024.

Analysis

To fully address this recommendation, OLHCHH must provide evidence that it has updated its regulations, policies, and procedures so that they are consistent with CDC’s lowered BLRV of 3.5 ug/dL.

Alternatively, OLHCHH must establish that its research led it to determine that environmental interventions in cases of children with EBLLs between 3.5 and 4.9 µg/dL were ineffective in reducing the children’s blood lead levels and that lowering HUD’s EBLL regulation to 3.5 µg/dL is unnecessary.

Implementation of this recommendation will help ensure children living in public housing with EBLLs receive effective environmental interventions.

Identify short- and long-term plans for the RPA program that align its capabilities, staffing needs, funding projections, and mission needs.

Implement procedures to capture and monitor centralized logs to maintain appropriate visibility into bot activities and provide for auditability of bot actions.

Implement procedures to periodically review RPA system access and remove access for users that are not authorized or no longer have a need to use the system.

Implement procedures to ensure that attended bots use the security rights and credentials of the attending user.

Assess its help desk system against other technical solutions and ensure that the help desk solution used captures complete data on technical support requests. This measure includes but is not limited to ensuring that sequence gaps are properly documented or do not occur, valid transactions are accepted by the help desk system, rejected transactions are identified, and the history of each transaction is retained.

Perform a complete agency-wide fraud risk assessment (which incorporates the fraud risk assessments performed at the program level) and use the results to develop and implement an agency-wide plan to move HUD’s fraud risk management program out of the ad hoc phase.

Status

HUD has made steady progress in building its Fraud Risk Management program. In FY 2024, HUD received Congressional approval to establish the Office of the Chief Risk Officer (OCRO). With its Fraud Risk Management Policy in place since 2022, OCRO worked with the HUD Risk Management Council to develop the Department’s approach and establish a cross-functional approach for Fraud Risk Management program accountability. The CRO also completed a fraud risk exposure assessment method that enables the Department to provide a risk-based approach to prioritize program fraud risk assessments and a department-level Fraud Risk Management Playbook to align HUD’s cross-functional activities and accountability to the GAO Fraud Risk Framework and CFO Council practices. The CRO is also working on tools and templates that are being customized for HUD program offices to help them complete their fraud risk assessments. Priority program offices are targeted to complete fraud risk assessments in 2025.

Analysis

While HUD has made progress in the area of fraud risk management, there is still work to be done for HUD to complete an entity-wide fraud risk assessment. HUD's exposure analysis will help it to determine where to focus its efforts. The Department still needs to conduct program-specific fraud risk assessments. Based on the demonstration by Multifamily Housing (MFH), we believe that MFH has made great progress in its fraud risk assessment, and we are encouraged that it has identified areas of weakness that it plans to target. However, Public and Indian Housing (PIH) and Community Planning and Development (CPD) have not been able to demonstrate progress in this area. We believe that the tools and templates the OCRO is developing, along with the continued support, will help PIH and CPD to complete these assessments.

To fully address this recommendation, HUD must provide evidence that it has performed an agency-wide fraud risk assessment performed at the program level, adopted and implemented its fraud risk assessment program departmental policy, and that each HUD program office has established office-specific risk programs.

Develop and implement a strategy for collecting and analyzing agency-wide data, to include subrecipient and beneficiary data, to identify trends and potential indicators of fraud across programs.

In conjunction with corrective actions being taken on previous audits, revise ONAP’s internal policy and procedures to include detailed written policies and procedures for the marketing, preservation, and sale of defaulted loan notes and REO properties on tribal trust and other restricted lands.

Requires the REAC in coordination with OFO to determine the number of developments and associated units that contain lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards.

Status

In May 2023, HUD published a final rule establishing a new approach to defining and assessing housing quality: The National Standards for the Physical Inspection of Real Estate. Public Housing regulations were amended, and Public Housing program participants were required to comply with this final rule and use the NSPIRE standards starting July 1, 2023. The Real Estate Assessment Center and Office of Field Operations will collaborate with the Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes, the Office of Policy Development and Research, and a statistician to evaluate data collected under the NSPIRE inspection program to estimate the number of public housing developments and associated units that contain lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards. As of November 2024, PIH reported that inspections have had a slow start due to procurement delays. Additionally, the NSPIRE system did not get the requested functionality to collect lead inspections. The final action target date is March 31, 2025.

Analysis

To address this recommendation, HUD will need to provide evidence that it collected and evaluated data under NSPIRE and estimated the number of public housing developments and associated units that contain lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards.

Implementation of this recommendation will assist HUD in working with PHAs to address the public housing units that contain lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards and help HUD’s oversight of units in need of hazard reduction.

We recommend that the General Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian Housing require the Real Estate Assessment Center in coordination with the Office of Field Operations to determine the cost to eliminate or control the lead-based paint and lead based paint hazards in public housing and the timeframe to complete such work based on the existing funding levels and strategies that could accelerate the timeframe.

We recommend that the General Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian Housing require the Real Estate Assessment Center in coordination with the Office of Field Operations to assess the lead-based paint hazard reduction activities performed at the 19 developments associated with 18 public housing agencies reviewed that did not implement interim controls and ongoing maintenance and reevaluation activities or adequately document that previously identified lead-based paint had been abated or treated with interim controls and subjected to ongoing maintenance and reevaluation activities. If those reduction activities did not fully abate the lead-based paint, HUD should ensure that the public housing agencies implement interim controls and ongoing maintenance and reevaluation programs and maintain required documentation.

Update applicable requirements to require assisted property owners, including PHAs, to maintain adequate documentation to support their determinations that maintenance and hazard reduction activities that disturb surfaces with lead-based paint qualify for the de minimis exemption from the lead-safe work practices under the Lead Safe Housing Rule.

Status

To address this recommendation, OLHCHH agreed to:

• Issue a notice to assisted target housing owners and public housing agencies on the de minimis exception citing the correct application of the de minimis threshold; describing appropriate documentation methods for the application of the de minimis threshold; and recommendations of best practices for documenting applications.
• Collect additional data regarding the use of the de minimis threshold, including information on how private and public housing owners: (a) determine how much paint in target housing will be disturbed during a maintenance or rehabilitation project; (b) use the paint disturbance area information; (c) monitor the amount of paint disturbed in projects that are designed to disturb de minimis amounts of paint in target housing.
• Design and conduct webinars, including at least one for each program office’s major categories of stakeholders on requirements and best practices pertaining to the de minimis exception under the Lead Safe Housing Rule and its implementation; record the webinars on the HUD website (e.g., on HUD Exchange) for future viewing by stakeholders; and conduct outreach promoting the webinars

The Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes had drafted guidance on the de minimis exception to the Lead Safe Housing Rule for PIH, Multifamily Housing, and CPD and submitted it through the clearance process on September 26, 2024, with an October 9, 2024, due date. Through October 17, six concurring comments were received as was one non-concurring comment. The OLHCHH continues to revise the draft guidance in consideration of the comments. In May 2023, HUD published a final rule establishing a new approach to defining and assessing housing quality: The National Standards for the Physical Inspection of Real Estate. Public Housing regulations were amended, and Public Housing program participants were required to comply with this final rule and use the NSPIRE standards starting July 1, 2023. The Real Estate Assessment Center and Office of Field Operations will collaborate with the Office of Lead Hazard Control and Healthy Homes, the Office of Policy Development and Research, and a statistician to evaluate data collected under the NSPIRE inspection program to estimate the number of public housing developments and associated units that contain lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards. As of November 2024, PIH reported that inspections have had a slow start due to procurement delays. Additionally, the NSPIRE system did not get the requested functionality to collect lead inspections. The final action target date is March 31, 2025.

Analysis

To implement this recommendation, HUD needs to provide evidence that it has implemented the three actions OLHCHH agreed to complete.

Implementation of this recommendation and associated corrective actions will ensure assisted property owners are sufficiently informed regarding the requirements to support their determinations that maintenance and hazard reduction activities that disturb surfaces with lead-based paint qualify for the de minimis exemption from the lead-safe work practices under the Lead Safe Housing Rule and that assisted property owners are conducting this work safely, thereby ensuring households are residing in safe and healthy HUD-assisted housing.

HUD OCIO should implement procedures to ensure that information in cybersecurity risk registers is obtained accurately, consistently, and in a reproducible format and is used to a. quantify and aggregate security risks, b. normalize cybersecurity risk information across organizational units, and c. prioritize operational risk response (derived from metric 5).

HUD OCIO and the HUD Chief Risk Officer should coordinate to implement procedures to monitor the effectiveness of cybersecurity risk responses to ensure that risk tolerances are maintained at an appropriate level (derived from metric 5).

HUD OCIO and the Office of Administration should implement procedures to ensure proper validation of media sanitization in accordance with HUD Media Protection Procedures 2.0 (February 2022) and form HUD 1067A, Certification of Sanitization (derived from metric 36).

The OIG has determined that the contents of this recommendation would not be appropriate for public disclosure and has therefore limited its distribution to selected officials.

Use the fraud risk inventory to enhance program-specific fraud risk assessments for the HOME program.

Use the fraud risk inventory to enhance program-specific fraud risk assessments for the TBRA and Operating Fund programs.

We recommend that the Director of HUD’s Newark Office of Public Housing make a determination regarding outstanding agreement income, including whether those unspent funds should be returned to the public housing agencies, thereby putting up to $697,912 to better use, including $478,165 related to Asbury Park and $219,747 related to Red Bank.